Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, while allergic asthma is a type of asthma that is triggered by allergens.
Asthma vs. Allergic Asthma: Key Differences
While both conditions involve airway inflammation and breathing difficulties, the cause of the inflammation differs significantly. Allergic asthma is a subtype specifically initiated by an allergic reaction.
Asthma
- A chronic lung disease affecting the airways.
- Causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to breathing difficulties.
- Can be triggered by various factors, including:
- Respiratory infections (like colds or flu)
- Exercise
- Cold air
- Irritants in the air (smoke, pollution)
- Stress
Allergic Asthma
- Allergic asthma is a type of asthma that is triggered by an allergy, as stated by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
- The allergic reaction causes airway inflammation and asthma symptoms.
- Common allergens include:
- Pollen
- Mold spores
- Dust mites
- Pet dander
Understanding the Connection
According to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, many of the 25 million Americans with asthma also have allergies, and this condition is referred to as allergic asthma (03-Sept-2023). This highlights the significant overlap between asthma and allergies. When a person with allergic asthma is exposed to an allergen, their immune system overreacts, leading to airway inflammation and the typical asthma symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.
Table Summarizing the Differences
| Feature | Asthma | Allergic Asthma |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Chronic respiratory disease. | Asthma triggered by allergens. |
| Cause | Various triggers (infections, exercise, irritants). | Specific allergens (pollen, mold, pet dander). |
| Mechanism | Airway inflammation and narrowing. | Allergic reaction leading to airway inflammation. |
| Prevalence | 25 million Americans | Significant portion of asthma sufferers. |
In essence, while asthma encompasses a broader spectrum of triggers, allergic asthma is a specific type where allergens are the primary instigators.
