Haemophilus influenzae is a bacterium capable of causing a range of infections. While different strains exist, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is particularly notable for its association with severe and invasive diseases.
Diseases Caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
Infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) can range from common conditions to life-threatening invasive diseases. These serious infections often require immediate medical attention.
The diseases caused by Hib, including both common and less common invasive forms, are summarized below:
| Type of Infection | Specific Diseases Caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Respiratory/Airway | Pneumonia | An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid or pus. |
| Epiglottitis | A serious inflammation of the epiglottis (the flap at the base of the tongue that keeps food from going into the windpipe), which can block the airway. | |
| Bloodstream/Systemic | Septicaemia | A severe bloodstream infection, often referred to as blood poisoning. |
| Meningitis | Inflammation of the membranes (meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. | |
| Purulent Pericarditis | Inflammation of the pericardium (the sac-like membrane surrounding the heart), characterized by the accumulation of pus. | |
| Cellulitis | A common and potentially serious bacterial infection of the skin and underlying tissues. | |
| Musculoskeletal | Septic Arthritis | A painful infection in a joint. |
| Osteomyelitis | An infection of the bone, typically caused by bacteria. | |
| Other Invasive | Otitis Media | An infection of the middle ear. |
| Endocarditis | An infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart chambers and heart valves. | |
| Peritonitis | Inflammation of the peritoneum, the thin tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs. |
These infections underscore the importance of understanding the potential impact of Haemophilus influenzae, especially its type b strain.
