The three types of DRL (Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Responding) are Full-Session DRL, Interval DRL, and Spaced-Responding DRL. DRL is a behavioral intervention strategy designed to reduce the frequency of a behavior without necessarily eliminating it entirely. Simply put, this method encourages individuals to perform a behavior, but not so much, or not so often.
DRL is particularly effective for behaviors that are acceptable or even desirable at lower rates but become problematic when they occur too frequently. The three distinct procedural components of DRL are:
| DRL Type | Description |
| Full-Session DRL | An acceptable (low) number of responses across an entire time period results in reinforcement. For example, reinforcement is contingent on asking no more than 2 questions during a 45-minute class. |
| Interval DRL | Reinforcement is provided at the end of an interval only if the target behavior has occurred at or below a specified low rate during that specific interval. If the rate is exceeded, the interval resets or no reinforcement is given for that interval. For example, a student is reinforced if they raise their hand 2 or fewer times in a 10-minute period. |
| Spaced-Responding DRL | Reinforcement is delivered when a specific minimum amount of time has passed between responses (inter-response time, or IRT). If the behavior occurs before the minimum IRT, the timer resets. For example, a child is reinforced for waiting at least 30 seconds between asking for a snack. |
These distinct DRL procedures offer flexibility in addressing a wide range of behaviors where the goal is moderation rather than complete cessation.
