When your bilirubin levels are high, your body primarily experiences the yellowing of the skin and eyes, a condition known as jaundice. This indicates that bilirubin, a yellow pigment, is not being properly processed and removed by your liver.
Understanding Bilirubin and Its Role
Bilirubin is a natural byproduct of the breakdown of old red blood cells. Normally, it travels to your liver, where it's processed and then excreted from your body, primarily through your stools. This process is essential for keeping your body healthy.
Key Effects of Elevated Bilirubin
When the liver is unable to properly release bilirubin, it can leak into your bloodstream, leading to several noticeable effects:
- Jaundice: The most apparent symptom is the yellowing of your skin and the whites of your eyes. This happens because the excess bilirubin deposits in these tissues.
- Toxicity: Elevated levels of bilirubin can be toxic to your body. This is especially true when these levels remain high for an extended period, potentially affecting various bodily functions and leading to more serious health concerns.
Here's a summary of the main bodily responses to high bilirubin:
| What Happens | Description |
|---|---|
| Yellowing of Skin and Eyes (Jaundice) | Bilirubin accumulates in the blood and gets deposited in body tissues, leading to a distinct yellow discoloration. |
| Potential for Toxicity | High levels, particularly if prolonged, can be harmful to various cells and organs within the body. |
| Indicates Liver Issues | Often, a primary reason for high bilirubin is that your liver is damaged and cannot efficiently process or release the bilirubin. |
Why Bilirubin Levels Rise
High bilirubin levels frequently signal an underlying health issue, most commonly related to the liver. If the liver is damaged or diseased, its ability to filter and excrete bilirubin is compromised, causing the pigment to build up in the blood. Other causes can include conditions that lead to excessive red blood cell breakdown or blockages in the bile ducts.
Importance of Addressing High Bilirubin
Because elevated bilirubin can be toxic, especially over time, and often points to significant underlying health problems, it's crucial to seek medical attention if you notice symptoms like jaundice. A healthcare professional can identify the root cause and recommend appropriate treatment to manage the bilirubin levels and address the underlying condition.
