The last recorded instance of anthrax being used for bioterrorism occurred in 2001 in the United States.
The 2001 Anthrax Attacks
In the autumn of 2001, just weeks after the September 11th terrorist attacks, the United States experienced a series of unprecedented bioterrorism incidents involving anthrax. These events, often referred to as the Amerithrax attacks, saw anthrax spores being intentionally distributed through the U.S. postal system.
Key Details of the Attacks:
- Method of Delivery: Highly concentrated anthrax spores were delivered by mailing postal letters containing the spores.
- Targets: The letters were addressed to news media organizations in Florida and New York, and to two U.S. Senators in Washington, D.C.
- Form of Anthrax: The anthrax used was in a highly refined, dry spore form, making it easily dispersible and inhalable upon opening the letters.
- Impact: These attacks led to five fatalities and sickened 17 others, including postal workers, media personnel, and their families. The incidents caused widespread fear and disruption, prompting extensive decontamination efforts and a significant federal investigation.
This incident marked a pivotal moment in understanding the potential threat of bioterrorism and prompted significant enhancements in public health preparedness and national security measures.
Understanding Anthrax as a Bioweapon
Anthrax is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis and is naturally found in soil. While it primarily affects animals, it can infect humans through skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion. Its intentional use as a bioweapon is particularly concerning due to the severe health consequences, especially when inhaled. For more general information about anthrax, you can refer to its Wikipedia page.
| Aspect | Details of 2001 Anthrax Attacks |
|---|---|
| Year of Use | 2001 |
| Context | Bioterrorism |
| Location | United States |
| Delivery Method | Mailed postal letters containing concentrated anthrax spores |
| Primary Targets | Media offices, U.S. Senators |
| Outcome | 5 deaths, 17 infections, widespread disruption and fear |
The investigation into the 2001 anthrax attacks was one of the largest and most complex in FBI history. This event stands as the last significant instance where anthrax was intentionally used as an act of terror.
