The first foundational statement Buddha made in his public teaching career was: “I teach one thing and one thing only: suffering and the end of suffering.”
The Essence of His Teachings
This profound declaration was made during his very first sermon, delivered at the Deer Park in Sarnath, India, shortly after his enlightenment. This momentous occasion is often referred to as the "Setting the Wheel of Dhamma in Motion" (Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta).
The Context: The First Sermon
In this pivotal sermon, the Buddha introduced the core principles of his philosophy, which are encapsulated in the Four Noble Truths. These truths directly address the very essence of existence and the path to liberation:
- The Truth of Suffering (Dukkha): Acknowledging that life, in all its forms, inherently involves suffering, dissatisfaction, and impermanence.
- The Truth of the Origin of Suffering (Samudaya): Identifying the root causes of suffering as craving, attachment, and ignorance.
- The Truth of the Cessation of Suffering (Nirodha): Affirming that suffering can be entirely ended by eliminating its causes.
- The Truth of the Path to the Cessation of Suffering (Magga): Outlining the Noble Eightfold Path as the practical guide to achieve the end of suffering.
The statement, "I teach one thing and one thing only: suffering and the end of suffering," perfectly summarizes the ultimate objective of Buddhism. It simplifies the vastness of his teachings into a singular, focused goal: to understand and overcome suffering.
Why This Statement Matters
This initial pronouncement set the entire framework for Buddhist philosophy and practice. It emphasizes:
- Practicality: Buddhism is not just a theoretical philosophy but a practical path to address a fundamental human condition – suffering.
- Focus: The teachings are concentrated on a singular, achievable aim.
- Universality: Suffering is a universal experience, making the teachings relevant to all beings.
By starting with this direct and profound statement, Buddha immediately established the purpose and direction of his spiritual movement, offering a clear path towards lasting peace and liberation.
