Tears running down your cat's face, also known as epiphora, can indicate a range of underlying health issues, from minor irritations to more serious infections or structural problems. It's a common symptom that warrants attention to ensure your cat's comfort and well-being.
Common Causes of Weepy Eyes in Cats
Weepy eyes in cats can stem from various conditions affecting the eyes, tear ducts, or even the respiratory system.
1. Feline Upper Respiratory Infections (FURIs)
One of the most frequent causes of weepy eyes in cats is feline upper respiratory infections (FURIs). These infections can lead to inflammation and discharge from the eyes and nose. FURIs can be caused by a variety of agents, including:
- Viruses: Such as feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus (rhinotracheitis).
- Bacteria: Often secondary invaders that thrive in an environment compromised by a viral infection.
- Protozoa: Less common but can also contribute to respiratory symptoms.
Symptoms of FURIs can vary greatly and may include sneezing, nasal discharge, lethargy, fever, and decreased appetite, in addition to eye discharge. Lab tests may be required to help your veterinarian accurately diagnose the root cause of the problem and recommend appropriate treatment.
2. Allergies
Just like humans, cats can suffer from allergies that lead to watery, itchy eyes. These allergies can be triggered by:
- Environmental factors: Pollen, dust mites, mold.
- Food sensitivities: Certain ingredients in their diet.
- Irritants: Smoke, perfumes, cleaning products.
3. Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis, or "pink eye," is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the membrane lining the inside of the eyelids and covering the white part of the eye. It can be caused by:
- Bacterial infections
- Viral infections (often associated with FURIs)
- Allergies
- Irritants
Symptoms typically include redness, swelling, and discharge that can be clear, watery, or thick and yellowish.
4. Foreign Objects or Irritants
A foreign object lodged in the eye, such as a piece of dust, a seed, or even an eyelash, can cause significant irritation and lead to excessive tearing as the eye attempts to flush it out. Chemical irritants like shampoos or household cleaners can also cause this reaction.
5. Blocked or Infected Tear Ducts
Cats have tear ducts that drain tears from the eye into the nasal cavity. If these ducts become blocked (e.g., by inflammation, scarring, or a foreign body) or infected, tears will overflow onto the face. Certain breeds, particularly brachycephalic (flat-faced) cats like Persians and Himalayans, are more prone to this due to their facial structure.
6. Corneal Ulcers
A corneal ulcer is an open sore on the cornea (the clear front surface of the eye). This can be extremely painful and result in excessive tearing, squinting, and pawing at the eye. Ulcers can be caused by trauma, infection, or underlying conditions.
7. Glaucoma
Glaucoma, an increase in pressure within the eye, can be very painful and lead to tearing, squinting, and a dilated pupil. It's a serious condition that can lead to blindness if not treated promptly.
8. Entropion
Entropion is a genetic condition where the eyelid rolls inward, causing the eyelashes and fur to rub against the cornea. This constant irritation leads to chronic tearing, pain, and can cause corneal damage over time.
When to Seek Veterinary Care
Any persistent tearing, redness, swelling, squinting, or discharge from your cat's eyes should prompt a visit to your veterinarian. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent more serious complications, pain, and potential vision loss.
Your vet will conduct a thorough examination, which may include:
- Ocular examination: Using an ophthalmoscope to inspect the eye structures.
- Fluorescein stain test: To check for corneal ulcers.
- Schirmer tear test: To measure tear production.
- Tonometry: To measure eye pressure (for glaucoma).
- Swabs or cultures: To identify bacterial or viral agents, especially in cases of suspected infections like FURIs.
Based on the diagnosis, treatment could range from eye drops or ointments to oral medications, or in some cases, surgical intervention.
Summary of Common Causes
Here’s a quick overview of the main reasons your cat might have weepy eyes:
| Cause | Description |
|---|---|
| Feline Upper Respiratory Infections | Viral (Calicivirus, Herpesvirus), bacterial, or protozoal infections causing eye and nasal discharge, sneezing. |
| Allergies | Reaction to environmental allergens (pollen, dust) or food, leading to watery eyes. |
| Conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the eye's lining, often due to infection (bacterial/viral) or allergies, causing redness and discharge. |
| Foreign Object/Irritant | Dust, debris, or chemical irritants in the eye, causing immediate irritation and excessive tearing. |
| Blocked Tear Ducts | Impaired drainage of tears into the nasal cavity, causing overflow, common in brachycephalic breeds. |
| Corneal Ulcer | Open sore on the eye's surface, usually due to trauma or infection, causing pain, tearing, and squinting. |
| Glaucoma | Increased pressure within the eye, leading to pain, tearing, and potential vision loss; a medical emergency. |
| Entropion | Eyelid rolls inward, causing fur/lashes to rub the cornea, leading to chronic irritation and tearing. |
By understanding these potential causes, you can take appropriate action and ensure your feline friend receives the care they need.
