The element with 118 neutrons and 79 electrons is Gold (Au).
Identifying Elements by Subatomic Particles
The identity of an element is uniquely determined by the number of protons in its nucleus, which is also known as its atomic number. Each element on the periodic table has a distinct atomic number.
In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Since the given atom has 79 electrons, and assuming it is a neutral atom, it must therefore also possess 79 protons. According to the periodic table, the element with an atomic number of 79 is Gold. The fact that it also has 118 neutrons helps identify a specific isotope of Gold, but the element itself is solely defined by its proton count.
Properties of Gold (Au)
Gold is a highly valued chemical element known for its distinctive yellow color, remarkable ductility, and resistance to corrosion. It has been cherished throughout history for its beauty and rarity, playing a significant role in economics, jewelry, and various technological applications.
Here are some key properties of Gold, matching the criteria provided:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Name | Gold |
| Symbol | Au |
| Atomic Number | 79 |
| Number of Protons | 79 |
| Number of Neutrons | 118 |
| Number of Electrons | 79 |
| Melting Point | 1064.43° C (1948.0° F) |
For more detailed information on elements and the periodic table, you can explore resources like the Periodic Table of Elements.
Key Characteristics and Uses of Gold:
- Malleability and Ductility: Gold is the most malleable and ductile of all known metals, meaning it can be hammered into extremely thin sheets (gold leaf) or drawn into very fine wires.
- Corrosion Resistance: It is highly resistant to most acids, bases, and oxygen, which is why it does not rust or tarnish. This chemical inertness makes it ideal for coinage and long-lasting jewelry.
- Electrical Conductivity: Gold is an excellent conductor of electricity and heat. Its high conductivity and corrosion resistance make it invaluable in electronics, particularly in connectors and circuitry where reliability is critical.
- Applications:
- Jewelry: Its beauty and durability make it a popular choice for rings, necklaces, and other adornments.
- Coinage and Investment: Historically, gold has served as a monetary standard and continues to be a safe-haven investment.
- Dentistry: Due to its non-toxicity and malleability, gold is used in dental fillings and crowns.
- Electronics: Small amounts are used in computer chips, cell phones, and other electronic devices due to its excellent electrical conductivity and resistance to corrosion.
This combination of properties, defined by its 79 protons and further specified by its 118 neutrons for this particular isotope, confirms the element as Gold.
