The element that is 29 on the periodic table is Copper.
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and an atomic number of 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. This makes it an indispensable material in various industries worldwide.
Key Properties of Copper
Copper's unique characteristics contribute to its widespread utility:
- Excellent Electrical Conductivity: Copper is second only to silver in electrical conductivity, making it the material of choice for electrical wiring and components.
- High Thermal Conductivity: It transfers heat efficiently, which is crucial for applications like heat exchangers and cooking utensils.
- Malleability and Ductility: Copper can be easily hammered into thin sheets (malleable) and drawn into fine wires (ductile) without breaking, allowing for versatile fabrication.
- Corrosion Resistance: It forms a protective patina (a greenish layer) over time when exposed to air and moisture, which helps prevent further corrosion.
- Antimicrobial Properties: Copper surfaces have natural antimicrobial properties, inhibiting the growth of bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
Common Uses and Applications
Copper's versatility has led to its extensive use across numerous sectors:
- Electrical Wiring: The most common application, found in homes, buildings, and electronic devices due to its superior conductivity.
- Plumbing and Roofing: Its durability, corrosion resistance, and malleability make it ideal for water pipes and architectural applications.
- Coinage: Historically, copper and its alloys (like bronze and brass) have been used for making coins due to their durability and aesthetic appeal.
- Industrial Machinery: Components in motors, generators, and heat sinks often utilize copper because of its thermal and electrical properties.
- Art and Jewelry: Its attractive reddish-orange color and workability make it popular for decorative items and jewelry.
- Medical Applications: Due to its antimicrobial properties, copper is increasingly used in touch surfaces in healthcare facilities to reduce germ transmission.
Quick Facts About Copper
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Symbol | Cu |
| Atomic Number | 29 |
| Atomic Mass | 63.546 amu |
| Group | 11 (Transition Metals) |
| Period | 4 |
| Category | Transition Metal |
| Density | 8.96 g/cm³ at 20°C |
| Melting Point | 1084.62 °C (1984.32 °F) |
| Boiling Point | 2560 °C (4640 °F) |
For more detailed information on Copper, you can explore resources like PubChem.
Copper has been an integral part of human civilization for thousands of years, with evidence of its use dating back to 8000 BCE. Its natural abundance and ease of extraction contributed significantly to the development of early tools and technologies, marking the beginning of the "Copper Age." Today, it remains a vital element for modern technological advancements, particularly in sustainable energy and communication systems.
