Yes, Nicobar pigeons can be kept as pets, and they are indeed sought after as exotic birds by enthusiasts and collectors. However, owning one involves significant commitment due to their specialized needs and status as a unique avian species.
Nicobar pigeons are striking birds known for their iridescent plumage and ground-dwelling habits. While captivating, their suitability as pets goes beyond their aesthetic appeal, demanding a thorough understanding of their specific care requirements and the legal aspects of ownership.
Legality and Regulations
Before considering a Nicobar pigeon, it is crucial to investigate local, state, and national wildlife laws. Ownership of exotic birds often comes with strict regulations, including:
- Permit Requirements: Many jurisdictions require special permits or licenses to own exotic or protected species.
- Import/Export Restrictions: The acquisition of these birds may be subject to international and national trade laws, particularly concerning CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) listings. The Nicobar pigeon (Caloenas nicobarica) is listed in CITES Appendix I, which means international commercial trade in wild-caught specimens is highly restricted and only permitted under exceptional circumstances. Captive-bred birds may have different regulations.
- Breeder Licensing: Reputable breeders are usually licensed and can provide documentation proving the bird's origin and legality.
Specialized Care Needs
Owning a Nicobar pigeon is not akin to having a common domestic bird. Their care mimics that of a wild animal in a captive environment.
Enclosure and Environment
Nicobar pigeons are active and require a large, spacious aviary or enclosure rather than a typical cage.
- Size: The enclosure must be expansive enough to allow for flight and natural ground foraging behaviors. A minimum size of at least 8 feet long, 4 feet wide, and 6 feet high is often recommended for a pair.
- Substrate: A soft, natural substrate like cypress mulch, coconut fiber, or sand is essential, as they spend much of their time on the ground.
- Temperature and Humidity: As tropical birds, they need a consistently warm environment (typically 75-85°F or 24-29°C) and high humidity. Misting or a humidifier may be necessary.
- Enrichment: Provide branches, logs, and hidden foraging opportunities to stimulate their natural instincts. Access to a shallow water bath is also appreciated.
Diet and Nutrition
Their diet in captivity must replicate their natural foraging habits.
- Pellets: High-quality commercial bird pellets formulated for ground-dwelling birds or pigeons can form the base.
- Seeds and Grains: A mix of large seeds, grains, and pulses (like peas, lentils, corn) should be offered.
- Fruits and Vegetables: Fresh, chopped fruits (e.g., berries, melon) and vegetables (e.g., leafy greens, carrots) are vital.
- Insects and Protein: In their natural habitat, they consume insects and small invertebrates. Supplementing with mealworms or other insect-based protein sources can be beneficial.
- Grit: Provide appropriate grit to aid digestion.
Social Behavior
Nicobar pigeons are generally social birds and often thrive when kept in pairs or small groups. Keeping a single bird may lead to stress or behavioral issues if not provided with sufficient human interaction or alternative companionship.
Important Considerations
Before committing to a Nicobar pigeon, consider these practical aspects:
- Availability and Cost: These birds are not readily available and can be quite expensive to acquire, often ranging from hundreds to thousands of dollars per bird.
- Veterinary Care: Finding an avian veterinarian experienced with exotic pigeons is crucial. Regular check-ups and prompt attention to any health issues are vital.
- Lifespan: With proper care, Nicobar pigeons can live for 15-20 years or more, representing a long-term commitment.
- Noise Level: While not as vocal as some parrots, they do have a distinct low cooing sound.
For more general information on exotic bird care, resources like the Association of Avian Veterinarians (AAV) offer valuable insights and guidelines on maintaining the health and well-being of captive birds.
In summary, while it is possible to keep a Nicobar pigeon as a pet, it is an endeavor best suited for experienced bird owners who can provide a specialized environment and commit to their comprehensive care needs.
