The most common side effect of aluminum hydroxide is constipation.
Aluminum hydroxide is an antacid often used to relieve heartburn, sour stomach, acid indigestion, and upset stomach. While generally well-tolerated, its primary and most frequently encountered adverse effect on the digestive system is a tendency to slow down bowel movements.
Why Aluminum Hydroxide Causes Constipation
Aluminum compounds, including aluminum hydroxide, have a well-documented effect of slowing down the movement of the digestive tract. This action can lead to:
- Reduced bowel motility: The colon's natural contractions become less frequent and less powerful.
- Harder stools: Slower transit time allows more water to be absorbed from the stool, making it dry and firm.
- Difficulty in passing stools: The combination of reduced motility and harder stools can result in straining and discomfort during bowel movements.
This mechanism is why individuals using aluminum hydroxide, especially for prolonged periods or in higher doses, commonly experience constipation.
Managing and Preventing Constipation
To help mitigate the risk or severity of constipation associated with aluminum hydroxide, several practical steps can be taken:
- Increase Dietary Fiber Intake:
- Incorporate fiber-rich foods such as whole grains, fruits (e.g., apples, pears, berries), vegetables (e.g., broccoli, spinach), legumes, and nuts into your diet.
- Fiber adds bulk to stool, helping it move more easily through the intestines.
- Ensure Adequate Fluid Intake:
- Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Water softens the stool, making it easier to pass.
- Aim for at least 8 glasses of water daily, unless otherwise advised by a healthcare professional.
- Regular Physical Activity:
- Engaging in regular exercise can stimulate bowel movements and improve overall digestive health.
- Consider Combination Antacids:
- Many antacid preparations combine aluminum hydroxide with magnesium hydroxide. Magnesium compounds tend to have a laxative effect, which can counteract the constipating effect of aluminum, balancing the overall impact on bowel function.
For more information on medications and their side effects, you can consult reputable sources like the National Library of Medicine.
