Liu Zhang, a prominent warlord during the tumultuous late Eastern Han dynasty, served as the Governor of Yi Province (encompassing present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) before surrendering twice – first to Liu Bei in 214 CE, and later to Eastern Wu – eventually dying shortly after his second surrender.
Governor of Yi Province
Liu Zhang succeeded his father, Liu Yan, as the Governor of Yi Province. This region was strategically vital, covering a significant portion of what is now Sichuan and Chongqing. He governed this territory for a considerable period, attempting to maintain stability and control amidst the widespread chaos and fragmentation that characterized the decline of the Han dynasty.
Rule and Regional Power
During his tenure, Liu Zhang faced numerous challenges, including internal dissent and external threats from rival warlords. His rule was marked by efforts to solidify his power base in a region rich in resources and difficult terrain, which offered a natural defensive advantage.
Surrender to Liu Bei
A pivotal moment in Liu Zhang's life occurred in 214 CE when he surrendered his governorship and territory to Liu Bei. This significant event was crucial for Liu Bei, as it provided him with a substantial base of operations that would later become the foundation of the Shu Han kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period. Liu Zhang's surrender effectively marked the end of his independent rule in Yi Province.
Final Years and Death
Following his surrender to Liu Bei, Liu Zhang's political influence and power diminished significantly. Approximately six years later, around 220 CE, he found himself in another compromising position, leading him to surrender once more. This time, he yielded to Eastern Wu, another major power emerging from the remnants of the Han dynasty. Liu Zhang's life came to an end shortly after this final act of surrender.
Timeline of Key Events for Liu Zhang
| Year | Event | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-214 CE | Governed Yi Province | Successor to his father, ruler of a vital region |
| 214 CE | Surrendered to Liu Bei | Lost control of Yi Province; aided Liu Bei's rise |
| c. 220 CE | Surrendered to Eastern Wu | Final act of surrender to a rival power |
| Shortly after | Death | Concluded his life and political career |
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