The hydrogen spectrum is precisely characterized by six distinct series of spectral lines.
These series represent the specific wavelengths of light emitted when an electron within a hydrogen atom undergoes various transitions and emissions between different energy levels. Each series is unique to the hydrogen atom's spectroscopic signature and is named after the individual who discovered it.
The Six Identified Series in the Hydrogen Spectrum
The study of atomic spectra reveals that the emitted light from hydrogen atoms is not continuous but occurs at discrete wavelengths, forming identifiable groups known as series. These groups are fundamental to understanding the quantum nature of atoms.
The six principal series that comprise the hydrogen spectrum are:
| Series Name | Characteristic |
|---|---|
| Lyman Series | Named after Theodore Lyman; results from specific electron transitions. |
| Balmer Series | Named after Johann Balmer; historically significant as the first series to be empirically described. |
| Paschen Series | Named after Friedrich Paschen; results from specific electron transitions. |
| Brackett Series | Named after Frederick Brackett; results from specific electron transitions. |
| Pfund Series | Named after August Pfund; results from specific electron transitions. |
| Humphery Series | Named after Curtis J. Humphery; results from specific electron transitions. |
These series collectively illustrate the comprehensive range of electron transitions possible within a hydrogen atom, leading to its characteristic spectral fingerprint.
