Iranians generally hold a deep and complex appreciation for Zoroastrianism, viewing it not merely as a religion but as a fundamental pillar of their national identity and heritage. This perspective transcends religious affiliation, with its influence evident across Iranian society.
A Cherished National Heritage
Zoroastrianism was the state religion of powerful ancient Persian empires, such as the Achaemenid and Sasanian dynasties, for over a millennium before the advent of Islam. This historical dominance has cemented its place as a cornerstone of Iran's pre-Islamic identity. For many Iranians, regardless of their current faith, Zoroastrianism represents:
- Ancient Wisdom: A source of ethical principles, philosophical thought, and a sophisticated worldview that shaped early Iranian civilization.
- Cultural Continuity: A link to their glorious past, connecting modern Iran with its rich historical legacy.
- National Pride: A unique indigenous religion that originated in their land, distinguishing Iranian culture from that of neighboring regions.
Widespread Celebration of Traditions
A clear indicator of the high regard for Zoroastrianism among Iranians is the widespread celebration of its ancient traditions and holidays. All Iranians, including Muslims and Jews, commemorate these festivals, which are deeply embedded in the national calendar and social fabric. Key examples include:
- Nowruz (Persian New Year): The most significant and universally celebrated holiday, marking the spring equinox. It symbolizes renewal, hope, and the triumph of light over darkness.
- Chaharshanbe Suri (Fire Festival): Held on the last Tuesday evening before Nowruz, where people jump over bonfires, symbolizing purification and the shedding of negativity.
- Yalda Night (Winter Solstice): The longest night of the year, celebrated with family gatherings, poetry reading, and consumption of fruits, symbolizing the victory of light as days begin to lengthen.
These celebrations are seen as cultural rather than purely religious events, fostering a shared sense of community and heritage across diverse religious groups.
Cultural Resilience and Defiance
The significance of Zoroastrian traditions has intensified, particularly since the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this context, these ancient customs have transcended their purely cultural role, becoming a subtle yet powerful means to express national identity and, at times, to defy certain Islamic policies of the state. By embracing and continuing these pre-Islamic practices, Iranians assert their unique cultural heritage and demonstrate a form of resilience against perceived cultural homogenization.
Recognized Minority Status
While Zoroastrians are a recognized religious minority in Iran and have parliamentary representation, their numbers are relatively small. Despite this, their cultural impact is disproportionately large, as their ancestral faith continues to be a source of inspiration and national pride for the vast majority of Iranians, underscoring the enduring legacy of Zoroastrianism in the country.
