The literal meaning of jihad is "striving," or "doing one's utmost." It refers to the act of exerting effort, struggling, or making a determined endeavor.
Beyond the Literal: Theological Understandings of Jihad
Within Islam, while the literal meaning points to effort, the term encompasses deeper theological understandings that are broadly categorized into two basic forms:
- The Greater Jihad: This is considered the more significant and fundamental form of jihad. It represents the internal, personal struggle against one's lower self. This includes:
- The endeavor to purify one's heart.
- The consistent effort to do good deeds and uphold virtuous conduct.
- The struggle to avoid evil and harmful actions.
- The continuous process of self-improvement and becoming a better person in character and deed.
The concept of jihad, therefore, primarily emphasizes an internal, moral, and spiritual struggle for betterment, alongside the broader exertion of effort in various aspects of life.
