Yes, some lizard species are native to Long Island, while others have been introduced and established populations.
Lizards on Long Island: Native and Introduced Species
Long Island, New York, is home to a fascinating array of wildlife, including various reptile species. When it comes to lizards, the island features a mix of species that are naturally occurring and those that have been brought over from other regions, successfully adapting to the local environment.
Native Lizard Species of Long Island
While Long Island may not be widely known for its diverse lizard populations, at least one species is genuinely native to the area:
- Five-lined Skink (Plestiodon fasciatus): This is the most common native lizard found across much of the eastern United States, including parts of Long Island.
- Appearance: Young skinks are easily recognized by their shiny black bodies with five distinct yellow or cream-colored stripes running down their back and sides, and a bright blue tail. As they mature, the blue tail fades, and males may develop orange coloration on their heads during breeding season.
- Habitat: These skinks typically prefer moist, wooded areas, forest edges, and rocky outcrops. They are often found under logs, rocks, or leaf litter, where they hunt for insects and other small invertebrates.
- Conservation: Like many native species, their populations can be affected by habitat loss and fragmentation. Learning more about this species can help in its conservation efforts across New York State.
Introduced Lizard Species on Long Island
In addition to native species, Long Island has also become home to non-native lizards, particularly one species that has successfully established a widespread presence:
- Italian Wall Lizard (Podarcis sicula campestris): This highly adaptable species is not indigenous to North America.
- Introduction: Italian wall lizards were introduced to Long Island, New York, in 1966. Since then, they have expanded their range significantly, particularly in urban and suburban areas.
- Appearance: They are typically slender, fast-moving lizards with variable patterns, often featuring green or brownish bodies with dark spots, streaks, or reticulations.
- Habitat: Unlike the more reclusive native skinks, Italian wall lizards thrive in human-modified landscapes, including gardens, parks, building walls, fences, and rock walls. They are often seen basking in sunny spots.
- Behavior: These lizards are known for their quick movements and voracious appetites, feeding on a wide range of insects and other small invertebrates.
The distinction between native and introduced species is important for understanding local biodiversity and potential ecological impacts.
| Feature | Five-lined Skink (Plestiodon fasciatus) | Italian Wall Lizard (Podarcis sicula campestris) |
|---|---|---|
| Origin | Native to Eastern North America | Native to Southern Europe |
| Status on LI | Native | Introduced (established in 1966) |
| Primary Habitat | Woodlands, forest edges, rocky areas | Urban, suburban, disturbed areas |
| Tail Color (Juvenile) | Bright Blue | Typically brown/green, not distinctly blue |
Observing Lizards on Long Island
If you're interested in observing lizards on Long Island, consider these tips:
- Look in the Right Places: For native skinks, search under logs or leaf litter in wooded areas. For Italian wall lizards, check sunny walls, fences, and rock piles in residential areas.
- Be Patient: Lizards are often shy and quick to hide. Remain still and observe from a distance.
- Do Not Disturb: Avoid handling lizards or disturbing their habitats. Observe them in their natural environment.
Understanding the different lizard species present on Long Island, their origins, and their preferred habitats provides a clearer picture of the island's unique ecological landscape.
