The physical properties of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) are notable for their contribution to its widespread use, particularly as a transparent conductor.
Key Physical Properties of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)
Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) is a blend of indium oxide (In₂O₃) and tin oxide (SnO₂), typically around 90% In₂O₃ and 10% SnO₂ by weight. Its defining physical characteristics include its unique appearance, high melting point, and specific density.
Here's a summary of the key physical properties of ITO:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Compound Formula | In₂O₅Sn |
| Appearance | Pale yellow to greenish yellow powder |
| Melting Point | 1526-1926 °C |
| Boiling Point | N/A |
| Density | 7.14 g/m³ |
Detailed Aspects of ITO's Physical Properties
- Compound Formula: The formula In₂O₅Sn represents the primary composition of Indium Tin Oxide, reflecting its nature as a mixed oxide.
- Appearance: In its powdered form, ITO typically presents as a pale yellow to greenish yellow powder. This color can vary slightly depending on the exact composition and processing.
- Melting Point: ITO exhibits a high melting point range of 1526-1926 °C. This broad range is characteristic of ceramic materials and mixed oxides, indicating its thermal stability at elevated temperatures.
- Boiling Point: The boiling point for ITO is generally not applicable, as it tends to decompose or sublime at temperatures beyond its melting point rather than having a distinct boiling phase.
- Density: The density of ITO is 7.14 g/m³. This value indicates a relatively dense material, which is consistent with its metallic oxide nature.
These physical properties contribute to ITO's versatility in various high-tech applications, particularly where thermal stability and specific densities are critical. Its most famous characteristic, optical transparency combined with electrical conductivity, arises from these fundamental physical attributes and its electronic structure.
