Push starting a motorcycle, also known as bump starting or rolling it, is a valuable technique to get your bike running when the battery is dead or the electric starter fails. It relies on using the bike's momentum to turn the engine over, much like jump-starting a car but without another vehicle.
When to Push Start Your Motorcycle
Typically, you'll resort to a push start when your motorcycle exhibits symptoms of a dead or weak battery, such as:
- The engine cranks slowly or not at all.
- Headlights or dashboard lights are dim or off.
- The electric starter makes a clicking sound but doesn't engage.
Essential Pre-Checks Before a Push Start
Before you even think about pushing, perform these crucial checks to ensure the push start has the best chance of success and to rule out other issues:
- Kill Switch: Ensure the engine kill switch is in the "RUN" or "ON" position. This is a common oversight that can prevent any start.
- Ignition Key: Turn the ignition key to the "ON" position. Without this, the electrical system, including the spark plugs, won't receive power.
- Fuel Level: Verify you have enough fuel in the tank. A push start won't help a dry tank!
- Gear Selection: Make sure the bike is in neutral (initially) to roll it, but you'll need to shift it into gear for the actual start.
- Spark Plugs: While not a quick check, consider if your spark plugs are fouled or old if the bike still won't start after multiple attempts.
Step-by-Step Guide to Push Starting Your Motorcycle
Follow these steps carefully to effectively push start your motorcycle:
1. Prepare Your Bike and Surroundings
Find a suitable location for the push start. An area with a slight downhill slope is ideal, as it aids in gaining momentum. If no slope is available, a flat, clear stretch of road or pavement will work, but you'll need more effort. Ensure the path is free of obstacles, traffic, and pedestrians.
2. Get Ready to Roll
- Position: Sit on the bike or stand beside it, ready to push. If you have a friend, they can help push while you manage the controls.
- Gear Selection: Shift the motorcycle into second or third gear. Avoid first gear, as it provides too much engine braking and can lock the rear wheel. A higher gear like second or third offers a better balance between resistance and the ability to turn the engine over.
3. Engage the Clutch and Start Pushing
- Clutch In: Pull the clutch lever fully in towards the handlebar. This disengages the engine from the rear wheel, allowing the bike to roll freely.
- Push Hard: Begin pushing the motorcycle forward with as much force as you can. If you're alone, you might run alongside it. If you have help, coordinate your pushes to build momentum quickly. Aim for a speed of at least 5-10 mph (8-16 km/h).
4. Release the Clutch to Engage the Engine
- Mount Up: Once the bike is rolling at a good speed, if you were pushing from beside it, quickly hop onto the seat.
- Release Clutch: With the bike still rolling, smoothly but firmly release the clutch lever. This sudden engagement of the rear wheel with the engine will force the crankshaft to turn.
- Throttle (Optional): Some riders find it helpful to give a small amount of throttle simultaneously as they release the clutch, but too much can flood the engine.
5. Rev and Ride
- Engine Fires: If successful, the engine should cough, sputter, and then fire up. As soon as you hear the engine catch, immediately pull the clutch lever back in to prevent the bike from lurching forward and stalling.
- Maintain RPM: Give the engine a little throttle to keep the RPMs up and prevent it from stalling. A dead battery won't be able to provide consistent idle power immediately.
- Warm Up: Let the engine run for a few minutes to allow the alternator to recharge the battery slightly. This also helps the engine reach operating temperature.
- Check Charging: If the bike has a charging indicator light, confirm it goes off. If it stays on, you might have a charging system issue beyond just a dead battery.
Troubleshooting Common Push Start Issues
If your motorcycle doesn't start after a few attempts, consult this table for potential issues and solutions:
| Problem | Possible Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Engine doesn't fire at all | Kill switch off, ignition off, no fuel | Check kill switch, ignition key, and fuel level. |
| Rear wheel locks up | Too low a gear (1st gear), clutch released too quickly | Try a higher gear (2nd or 3rd). Release the clutch more smoothly but still firmly. |
| Engine sputters but dies | Not enough momentum, not enough throttle | Push harder to gain more speed. Give a slight, consistent throttle input as you release the clutch. |
| Engine fires but won't stay running | Battery too weak, charging issue, fuel delivery problem | Let it run for a bit to charge, then check battery. If it persists, get the charging system/fuel checked. |
| Bike just rolls, no engine engagement | Clutch not released fully, wrong gear, no spark | Ensure clutch is fully released. Confirm gear is 2nd or 3rd. Check spark plugs if other issues ruled out. |
Tips for Success and Safety
- Safety First: Always wear your helmet and protective gear, even for a short push.
- Momentum is Key: The faster you can get the bike rolling, the better your chances of starting.
- Smooth Clutch Release: Avoid dumping the clutch abruptly, as this can lock the rear wheel and potentially cause a loss of control. A firm, decisive release is best.
- Fuel-Injected Bikes: While possible, push starting fuel-injected motorcycles can be more challenging. If the battery is completely dead, the fuel pump and ECU (Engine Control Unit) may not receive enough power to operate, making a push start impossible. You might need a jump start from a car or a portable jump starter.
- Practice: If you frequently ride in remote areas, it might be worthwhile to practice this technique in a safe, controlled environment.
Push starting is an essential skill for any motorcyclist. While not ideal, it can get you out of a tough spot when your electric starter isn't an option.
