The systematic IUPAC name of acetone is 2-Propanone.
Acetone, a common organic compound, is widely recognized by its traditional name, but in the realm of chemistry, a systematic naming convention, established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), ensures clarity and uniformity. This systematic name, 2-Propanone, precisely describes its chemical structure.
Understanding 2-Propanone
The name "2-Propanone" breaks down as follows:
- Prop-: Indicates a three-carbon chain.
- -an-: Signifies that the carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds (an alkane derivative).
- -one: Denotes the presence of a ketone functional group (a carbonyl group, C=O, within the carbon chain).
- 2-: Specifies that the ketone group is located on the second carbon atom of the three-carbon chain. Since a ketone group must be internal (not at the end of a chain), and with only three carbons, the carbonyl group can only be on the middle carbon, making "2-" technically redundant but systematically correct.
Other Names and Identifiers
While 2-Propanone is its systematic designation, acetone is known by several other names, some of which are common in everyday language or historical contexts. These names often provide insight into its structure or historical use.
| Category | Name(s) |
|---|---|
| Systematic IUPAC | 2-Propanone |
| Other Common Names | Acetonum (Latin), Dimethyl ketone, Dimethyl carbonyl, Ketone propane, Propanone, β-Ketopropane |
| Archaic Names | Pyroacetic spirit, Spirit of Saturn |
Acetone also has a unique identifier for regulatory and inventory purposes:
- CAS Number: 67-64-1
Practical Relevance
Understanding the systematic name of acetone is crucial for various applications, including:
- Chemical Manufacturing: Ensuring precise labeling and communication in industrial processes.
- Laboratory Research: Accurately identifying chemicals to prevent confusion and ensure experimental integrity.
- Safety Data Sheets (SDS): Providing clear and unambiguous information for safe handling and emergency procedures.
Whether referred to as acetone or 2-Propanone, this versatile compound remains a cornerstone in many industries, from solvents and cleaning agents to chemical synthesis.
