The condensed structural formula of octanoic acid is H₃C(CH₂)₆COOH.
Understanding Octanoic Acid
Octanoic acid, commonly known as caprylic acid, is a saturated fatty acid. It is characterized by an eight-carbon atom chain and is naturally found in the milk of various mammals, such as goats and cows, as well as in tropical oils like coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
Decoding the Condensed Formula
The condensed structural formula H₃C(CH₂)₆COOH provides a compact representation of the molecule's structure:
- H₃C: This represents a methyl group, located at one end of the carbon chain.
- (CH₂)₆: This indicates a chain of six methylene groups (CH₂). These groups form the backbone of the fatty acid, contributing to its length and hydrophobic nature.
- COOH: This is the carboxyl group, which is characteristic of all carboxylic acids. It's located at the other end of the molecule and is responsible for its acidic properties.
Key Characteristics and Properties
Octanoic acid is a colorless oily liquid with distinct physical and chemical properties. It is minimally soluble in water, a common trait for longer-chain fatty acids due to their predominantly nonpolar hydrocarbon tails. It possesses a slightly unpleasant, rancid-like smell and taste, which is typical for some short to medium-chain fatty acids when isolated.
Beyond its natural occurrence, octanoic acid finds various applications, including the production of esters used in fragrances and dyes. It is also recognized for its antifungal properties and is sometimes used in dietary supplements.
Summary of Octanoic Acid Properties
For a clearer overview, here's a summary of octanoic acid's key properties:
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | Octanoic Acid |
| Common Name | Caprylic Acid |
| Condensed Structural Formula | H₃C(CH₂)₆COOH |
| Chemical Formula | C₈H₁₆O₂ |
| Appearance | Colorless oily liquid |
| Solubility in Water | Minimally soluble |
| Odor/Taste | Slightly unpleasant, rancid-like |
| Classification | Saturated Fatty Acid |
