Deworming yourself primarily involves taking specific antiparasitic medications, often prescribed by a healthcare professional, to effectively eliminate intestinal worms. While several medications are available, albendazole is one of the most widely used and secure methods globally for treating various intestinal worms.
Understanding Intestinal Worms
Intestinal worms, also known as parasitic worms or soil-transmitted helminths, are organisms that live inside the human intestine, feeding off the host's nutrients. Common types include roundworms, hookworms, and whipworms. These infections can lead to various health issues, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, malnutrition, and impaired growth and development, particularly in children. For more information on parasites, you can visit the CDC's parasite page.
Methods of Deworming
The most effective way to deworm is through medication. However, preventing re-infection through good hygiene and sanitation practices is equally crucial.
1. Medication (Antiparasitic Drugs)
Antiparasitic medications are specifically designed to kill or paralyze intestinal worms, allowing them to be expelled from the body. These drugs are generally safe and effective when used as directed.
One commonly recommended medication is albendazole. It works by preventing the worms from absorbing sugar (glucose), which is essential for their survival, thereby depleting their energy reserves and eventually killing them.
Typical Albendazole Dosages (Consult a Healthcare Professional)
| Age Group | Recommended Dose | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Children (1–2 years) | 200 mg (half a tablet) | This dose is typically administered once. Your doctor will provide specific instructions. |
| Children (2–19 years) | 400 mg (one tablet) | This dose is generally administered once. Depending on the type of worm and severity, a healthcare professional might recommend a repeat dose after a certain period. |
| Adults | Varies | For adults, the specific dosage and treatment regimen must be determined by a healthcare professional after proper diagnosis. Self-medication is not advised. |
Important Note: The information above provides typical dosages as an example of how these medications are used. Always consult a doctor or healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and a personalized prescription. They can identify the specific type of worm infection you have and recommend the appropriate medication, dosage, and treatment duration based on your age, weight, and overall health condition.
2. Preventive Measures
Beyond medication, adopting good hygiene and food safety practices is essential to prevent intestinal worm infections and re-infections.
- Hand Hygiene:
- Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before eating or preparing food, and after using the toilet.
- Learn more about when and how to wash your hands effectively.
- Food and Water Safety:
- Cook food thoroughly, especially meat, to kill any potential worm eggs or larvae.
- Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before consumption.
- Drink safe, filtered, or boiled water. Avoid consuming raw or undercooked foods from unknown sources.
- Sanitation:
- Use proper toilet facilities and dispose of human feces safely.
- Avoid walking barefoot in areas where soil might be contaminated with human or animal feces.
- Personal Hygiene:
- Keep fingernails short and clean to prevent the accumulation of worm eggs.
- Change and wash bed linens and underwear regularly, especially after treatment for worms.
When to Seek Medical Advice
If you suspect you have intestinal worms, it's crucial to consult a healthcare professional. Symptoms that might indicate a worm infection include:
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue or weakness
- Anal itching (especially at night, common with pinworms)
- Visible worms in stool
A doctor can diagnose the infection through a stool test and prescribe the correct treatment. They can also advise on whether routine deworming is recommended for you, especially if you live in or travel to areas where worm infections are common.
