Winding a lever set pocket watch primarily involves turning its crown (also known as the stem) until resistance is felt, a straightforward process that powers the watch's movement. While "lever set" refers to the specific mechanism used for setting the time, most lever set pocket watches are stem-wound.
Understanding Lever-Set Watches: Winding vs. Setting
It's important to differentiate between winding and setting when dealing with a lever set pocket watch.
- Winding is the act of re-tensioning the mainspring, providing power to the watch. For almost all lever set watches, this is done by turning the crown.
- Lever Set refers to the mechanism for setting the time. This method was commonly used, especially for railroad-grade watches, to prevent accidental time changes. To set the time on a lever set watch, you typically need to:
- Unscrew the entire front bezel of the case. This exposes the dial and provides access to a small lever, often located near the 1 or 2 o'clock position on the dial.
- Pull out this small lever to engage the setting mechanism.
- Turn the crown to adjust the hands to the correct time.
- Push the lever back in and then carefully screw the bezel back onto the case.
This distinction is crucial because while winding is a daily task, setting the time on a lever set watch requires a more deliberate action involving the case itself.
The Winding Mechanism
Most lever set pocket watches are stem-wound, meaning they are wound using the crown (stem) located at the 12, 3, or 6 o'clock position on the case. This mechanism transfers the turning motion of the crown to the mainspring, coiling it tighter and storing energy.
Step-by-Step Winding Guide for a Lever Set Pocket Watch
Follow these steps to properly wind your lever set pocket watch:
- Remove from Pocket/Pouch: Carefully take the watch out of your pocket, pouch, or stand.
- Hold Securely: Grasp the watch firmly but gently in one hand. Many prefer to hold the watch with the crystal facing up, or with the crown pointing upwards.
- Locate the Crown: Identify the crown (the small knurled knob) on the side of the watch case. It's usually at the 12 o'clock position for open-face watches or the 3 o'clock for hunter-case watches.
- Turn the Crown: Using your thumb and forefinger, gently turn the crown in a clockwise direction. You should feel a slight resistance and hear a faint clicking sound as the mainspring tightens.
- Wind Until Resistance: Continue turning the crown until you feel a firm resistance. Do not force it past this point, as over-winding can damage the delicate internal mechanisms. For most watches, this takes about 15-25 full turns, but it can vary.
- Return to Use: Once fully wound, your watch is ready to be worn or displayed.
Best Practices for Winding Your Pocket Watch
To ensure the longevity and accuracy of your treasured timepiece, consider these best practices:
- Daily Winding: For consistent timekeeping, wind your pocket watch at approximately the same time each day. This maintains optimal tension in the mainspring.
- Gentle Handling: Always handle your watch with care, especially during winding. Avoid sudden jerks or excessive force.
- Consistent Direction: Always wind in the specified direction (usually clockwise).
- Avoid Over-Winding: Stop immediately once you feel firm resistance. Over-winding can damage the mainspring or winding mechanism. The term "over-winding" often refers to attempting to wind past the point of full tension, rather than winding too much. A properly functioning watch cannot truly be "over-wound" if stopped at the natural point of resistance.
- Regular Servicing: Pocket watches, like any precision instrument, benefit from professional cleaning and lubrication every 3-5 years. This prevents wear and tear and ensures smooth operation. Learn more about watch maintenance from reputable sources like Hodinkee.
Common Winding Issues and Troubleshooting
| Issue | Possible Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Watch stops running | Not fully wound, damaged mainspring, dirt | Wind fully; if issue persists, seek professional service. |
| Crown turns freely | Disconnected winding stem, broken winding gears | Requires professional repair. |
| Excessive resistance | Obstructed gears, stiff mainspring, dirt | Stop winding immediately and consult a watchmaker. |
| No clicking sound | Winding click or ratchet wheel issue | May indicate an internal problem; professional inspection is needed. |
| Time not advancing | Mainspring not holding tension, gear train issue | Likely an internal mechanical failure; requires expert attention. |
For any persistent issues or concerns about your pocket watch's winding mechanism, it's always best to consult a qualified watchmaker or horologist. They possess the expertise and specialized tools to diagnose and repair delicate vintage movements.
