No, you are not allowed to walk anywhere in England. While England offers extensive public access to its landscapes, walking is permitted only in specific designated areas or on land where public access rights exist.
Understanding where you can and cannot walk is crucial for enjoying the English countryside responsibly and legally. Access rights are primarily governed by public rights of way and the "right to roam" on certain types of land.
Understanding Your Rights to Roam
England has a well-established system that defines where the public can walk. This system balances public access with private land ownership and environmental protection.
Where You Are Generally Allowed to Walk
You have the right to walk in various areas, which are broadly categorized as follows:
- Public Roads and Pavements: You are allowed to walk on all public roads and pavements throughout England, provided you follow traffic regulations and safety guidelines.
- Public Rights of Way: These are ancient routes that cross private land, where the public has a legal right to pass. They are legally protected and are often clearly marked.
- Footpaths: Designated solely for walkers.
- Bridleways: Open to walkers, horse riders, and cyclists.
- Byways Open to All Traffic: Can be used by all types of traffic, including walkers, horse riders, cyclists, and vehicles.
- Open Access Land (Right to Roam): Under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 (CROW Act), you have a "right to roam" freely on certain designated areas without needing to stick to marked paths. This includes:
- Mountains
- Moors
- Heaths
- Downs
- Common Land
- Some land around the King Charles III England Coast Path. This path offers a continuous walking route around the entire English coastline, with spreading room to access coastal land.
Here's a quick overview of common access types:
| Type of Land | Description | Public Access for Walkers |
|---|---|---|
| Public Roads & Pavements | Standard thoroughfares for transport and pedestrian movement | Yes |
| Public Rights of Way | Legally protected paths crossing private land | Yes (on the path only) |
| Open Access Land | Designated areas like mountains, moors, and common land for recreational access | Yes (within the designated area) |
Where You Are Not Generally Allowed to Walk
You are generally not allowed to walk on private land without the express permission of the landowner. This includes:
- Most agricultural land (fields, pastures, crops) unless it's crossed by a public right of way.
- Private gardens and curtilages of residential properties.
- Land that is not designated as open access or crossed by a public right of way.
Walking on private land without permission can be considered trespassing, even if unintentional.
Key Considerations for Walkers
To ensure a safe and legal walk in England, keep the following practical insights in mind:
- Stick to Designated Paths: When on private land, always stay on the marked public rights of way unless you are on designated open access land.
- Check Maps and Signage: Use Ordnance Survey maps, which clearly indicate public rights of way and open access land. Look for public footpath or bridleway signs.
- Respect the Countryside Code: This code provides advice for enjoying the countryside responsibly, including:
- Leaving gates as you find them (closed or open).
- Keeping dogs under close control, especially around livestock.
- Taking all litter home.
- Protecting wildlife and plants.
- Planning your route and being prepared for weather changes.
- Be Aware of Local Restrictions: Some areas, even open access land, may have temporary restrictions (e.g., for conservation, military exercises, or livestock during lambing season). Always check local notices.
For more detailed information on rights of way and accessing land in England, you can refer to official government guidance: GOV.UK Rights of Way and Accessing Land.
