The black bird with distinct pale or whitish eyes commonly seen in Puerto Rico is the Greater Antillean Grackle (Quiscalus niger). This striking bird is a familiar sight across the island and other parts of the Caribbean.
Discovering the Greater Antillean Grackle
The Greater Antillean Grackle is a medium-sized passerine bird known for its glossy black plumage and, most notably, its bright yellow or pale, almost white, eyes that contrast sharply with its dark feathers. Males are entirely black with an iridescent sheen that can appear purplish or bluish in the sunlight, while females are slightly smaller and may have a duller black or brownish appearance.
Key Characteristics:
- Plumage: Iridescent black for males, duller black or brownish for females.
- Eyes: Prominent pale yellow to whitish eyes, a key identifying feature.
- Tail: Long, keeled tail, especially noticeable in males during flight.
- Size: Medium-sized bird, typically ranging from 10 to 12 inches (25-30 cm) in length.
Habitat and Range
The Greater Antillean Grackle is primarily found throughout the Greater Antilles, an island group in the Caribbean. This includes all four main islands: Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic), and Puerto Rico. The species can also be found on the Cayman Islands. They are highly adaptable and thrive in a variety of environments, from urban parks and gardens to agricultural areas and coastal mangroves. Their widespread presence makes them a common and easily recognizable bird across their range.
Behavior and Diet
Greater Antillean Grackles are highly social birds, often seen foraging in groups. They are omnivorous, with a diverse diet that includes:
- Insects and other invertebrates
- Small vertebrates like lizards and frogs
- Seeds, fruits, and grains
- Human scraps in urban settings
They are known for their varied vocalizations, which include a mix of harsh calls, whistles, and gurgles. During breeding season, males perform elaborate courtship displays, puffing up their feathers and fanning their tails to attract mates.
Quick Facts: Greater Antillean Grackle
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Quiscalus niger |
| Common Name | Greater Antillean Grackle |
| Distinctive Mark | Pale yellow to whitish eyes |
| Color | Iridescent black (males), duller black/brownish (females) |
| Habitat | Urban areas, parks, agricultural land, coastal regions |
| Range | Greater Antilles (Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico), Cayman Islands |
| Diet | Omnivorous (insects, seeds, fruit, small vertebrates, human scraps) |
For more detailed information on this fascinating bird, you can visit resources like the Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
