The #1 rarest gem is Painite.
Painite holds the official title not just as the rarest gemstone, but also as the rarest mineral on Earth, a fact recognized by the Guinness World Records. Its extreme scarcity has made it one of the most sought-after and exclusive natural treasures.
The Unparalleled Rarity of Painite
Discovered in Myanmar in 1951, Painite immediately stood out due to its profound rarity. For many decades following its initial discovery, only two specimens of Painite were known to exist globally, making it virtually unobtainable. By the year 2004, the number of known gemstones had scarcely increased, with fewer than two dozen specimens reported. This historical scarcity underscores its status as an exceptionally rare mineral.
Painite is an orange-red to brownish-red mineral, typically found as hexagonal crystals. Its chemical composition includes calcium, zirconium, boron, aluminum, and oxygen (CaZrBAl9O18). While new deposits have been found since the early 2000s, increasing the overall quantity, it remains exceedingly rare compared to other gemstones.
Here are some key facts highlighting Painite's remarkable rarity:
| Aspect | Detail |
|---|---|
| Rarity Status | Recognized by Guinness World Records as the rarest gemstone and mineral on Earth |
| Discovery Year | 1951 |
| Initial Scarcity | For decades after its discovery, only 2 specimens were known |
| Known Specimens (c. 2004) | Fewer than two dozen known gemstones globally, emphasizing its historical scarcity |
| Appearance | Typically orange-red to brownish-red hexagonal crystals |
Painite's unique crystal structure and composition contribute to its rarity, as the specific geological conditions required for its formation are exceptionally uncommon. Its journey from being a virtually unknown mineral to a globally recognized rarity is a testament to its unique place in the world of gemstones.
