When an actor moves from one area of the stage to another, it is called a cross. This fundamental element of stagecraft is part of the broader concept of blocking, which dictates all set movements for actors during a performance.
Understanding a Cross in Theatre
A cross is any instance where an actor moves from one designated space on the stage to another. This movement can be short or long, diagonally or directly across, and is always purposeful, serving to advance the narrative, reveal character, or enhance the visual composition of a scene.
Crosses are integral to the overall stage picture and are meticulously planned by the director. They are not merely random movements but are choreographed to achieve specific artistic and practical goals within a play.
The Role of Blocking
While a cross is a specific movement, blocking refers to the entire arrangement of an actor's movements and positions on the stage throughout the play. It's the blueprint for how all actors navigate the performance space, interact with props, and engage with other characters.
| Feature | Cross | Blocking |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Movement from one area of the stage to another | The set movement of all the actors onstage throughout the play |
| Scope | A single, specific movement | The overall choreography and arrangement of all actor movements |
| Relation | A component or type of movement within blocking | Encompasses all planned movements, including crosses, entrances, exits, etc. |
Blocking is a collaborative effort between the director and actors, often developed during rehearsals. It encompasses:
- Entrances and exits
- Movements to pick up props or interact with scenery
- Sitting, standing, kneeling
- All forms of crosses
Purpose and Importance of Crosses
Actors perform crosses for various reasons, each contributing to the effectiveness of the performance:
- To Change Focus: A well-executed cross can draw the audience's eye to a particular actor or area of the stage, highlighting an important moment or character.
- To Reveal Character or Emotion: The manner of a cross—fast, slow, hesitant, bold—can convey significant information about a character's emotional state, intentions, or personality.
- To Advance the Plot: Moving to a specific location might be necessary to interact with a prop, another character, or to demonstrate a journey or change in situation.
- To Create Visual Interest: Strategic crosses prevent static scenes, ensuring dynamic stage pictures that maintain audience engagement.
- To Accommodate Other Actors: Sometimes, an actor crosses to "clear" a space for another actor, or to balance the stage composition.
Executing a Cross Effectively
Actors are trained to execute crosses with purpose and precision. This involves:
- Motivation: Every cross should have a clear reason behind it, whether it's an internal character motivation or an external directorial command.
- Openness: Actors often perform "open crosses," meaning they keep their bodies slightly angled towards the audience to remain visible and connected.
- Timing: The speed and rhythm of a cross are crucial for comedic timing, dramatic effect, or maintaining the flow of a scene.
Understanding the difference between a specific "cross" and the overarching "blocking" is key for anyone involved in theatrical production or performance.
