Power tumbling is scored by evaluating two primary components: the Difficulty of the skills performed and the Execution of the routine, with additional deductions for errors.
The Core Components of Tumbling Scores
A tumbler's final score is a combination of their performance's intrinsic value (difficulty) and how flawlessly they perform it (execution). Judges scrutinize every aspect, from the complexity of the tumbles to the precision of each landing.
| Scoring Component | Description | Key Factors |
|---|---|---|
| Difficulty (D-Score) | Reflects the inherent value and complexity of the skills executed within a tumbling pass. More advanced and interconnected skills yield a higher difficulty score. | Skill value, number of flips/twists, connections between skills, body positions. |
| Execution (E-Score) | Assesses the technical perfection, form, control, and artistry of the routine. Judges award a base score (typically out of 10) and then deduct for any errors observed. | Form, body tension, landings, height, speed, rhythm, posture, precision. |
| Penalties | Additional deductions applied for specific infractions not covered under general execution, such as going out of bounds, using a spotter, or time violations. | Out-of-bounds, time limits, unauthorized assistance. |
Execution Score (E-Score)
Execution judges critically observe how the tumbling run has been performed, awarding a score out of 10. This E-score will be lower if tumblers make errors during their pass. Common deductions include:
- Falling or Stepping on Landing: Any loss of balance, taking extra steps, or falling upon landing after a skill.
- Poor Form in Skills: This can include bent arms or legs, piking or opening early from tucked positions, or a lack of body tension and extension during airborne maneuvers.
- Lack of Speed and Height: The judges assess the power and dynamism of the pass. Insufficient speed entering skills or a lack of height in airborne elements will result in deductions.
- Incorrect Body Posture: Poor alignment or control during the performance.
- Lack of Rhythm and Flow: Hesitations or breaks in the continuous flow of the tumbling pass.
The cleaner and more controlled the performance, the higher the execution score will be.
Difficulty Score (D-Score)
The Difficulty Score is accumulated by assigning specific point values to each skill performed in the tumbling pass. More complex skills, such as multiple twisting somersaults or consecutive aerial maneuvers, are worth more points.
- Skill Value: Each individual flip, twist, and combination has an assigned difficulty value. For example, a double back somersault is worth more than a single back somersault.
- Connections: Tumblers receive bonus points for successfully connecting multiple difficult skills without pauses or intermediate steps, showcasing advanced control and power.
- Required Elements: Routines often require specific types of skills (e.g., whips, somersaults with twists) to fulfill minimum difficulty requirements.
The total difficulty score is the sum of the values of all skills and connection bonuses.
Additional Deductions
Beyond execution errors, specific penalties can be applied to the overall score. These include:
- Out-of-Bounds: If a tumbler lands or touches outside the designated tumbling track.
- Spotter Deductions: If a coach or spotter has to intervene or assist during a routine.
- Time Violations: For exceeding or not meeting specific time limits for the routine.
Calculating the Final Score
The final score in power tumbling is typically calculated by adding the Difficulty Score and the Execution Score, then subtracting any additional penalties.
Final Score = Difficulty (D-Score) + Execution (E-Score) - Penalties
This comprehensive scoring system ensures that both the daring nature of the skills and the pristine performance of the athlete are recognized and rewarded. For more detailed rules and regulations, you can refer to the official handbooks provided by governing bodies like USA Gymnastics.
