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What is the new treatment for type 1 diabetes?

Published in Type 1 Diabetes Treatment 2 mins read

The new treatment for type 1 diabetes is a medication known as Tzield (teplizumab).

The Breakthrough Treatment: Tzield

Tzield marks a significant advancement in the management of type 1 diabetes, representing the first new medication introduced specifically for this condition since the discovery of insulin. For decades, insulin injections have been the cornerstone of treatment, effectively replacing the insulin that the pancreas of a person with type 1 diabetes can no longer produce. However, Tzield offers a different, proactive approach.

How Tzield Works to Preserve Beta Cells

Unlike insulin, which addresses the symptom of lost beta cell function, Tzield targets the root cause of type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Tzield's primary aim is to slow down this autoimmune destruction process. By doing so, it helps to preserve the remaining beta cells, potentially delaying the progression of the disease or even the need for insulin injections in some individuals.

This distinction is crucial for understanding the unique role Tzield plays in the treatment landscape:

Aspect Insulin Injections Tzield (Teplizumab)
Primary Goal Replaces lost pancreatic function (insulin) Slows autoimmune destruction of beta cells
Mechanism Supplies missing hormone Modifies the immune response to protect beta cells
Target Manages blood sugar levels Preserves the body's own insulin-producing cells
Role Essential for survival and blood sugar control Aims to delay disease progression or onset
Significance Cornerstone of Type 1 Diabetes treatment First new medication of its kind since insulin

Implications for Type 1 Diabetes Management

The introduction of Tzield offers a hopeful new strategy, shifting the focus from solely managing the effects of beta cell destruction to actively intervening in the autoimmune process itself. This treatment aims to extend the period during which individuals with type 1 diabetes can maintain some of their natural insulin production, potentially leading to better long-term health outcomes and a reduced reliance on external insulin.