Reverse Osmosis (RO) purifies water by removing impurities.
Here's a more detailed breakdown of what RO does to water, based on the provided reference:
How Reverse Osmosis Works
RO employs a partially permeable membrane to achieve water purification. This membrane allows water molecules to pass through but blocks larger particles and dissolved substances. The process involves pressure being applied to the impure water, forcing the water molecules through the membrane, leaving behind contaminants.
What RO Removes from Water:
- Ions: These are electrically charged atoms or molecules that are dissolved in water, such as salts and minerals. RO effectively removes many types of ions.
- Unwanted Molecules: This includes organic and inorganic molecules that can impact water's taste, odor, or safety.
- Larger Particles: RO can filter out larger contaminants, including sediment, rust, and some microorganisms.
Benefits of RO Filtration:
- Improved Taste and Odor: By removing impurities, RO filtration can drastically improve the palatability of water.
- Enhanced Safety: The removal of contaminants, including some bacteria and viruses, can make the water safer for consumption.
- Reduced Mineral Content: While some minerals are beneficial, excessive amounts can lead to scale buildup in pipes and appliances. RO helps control mineral levels.
Examples of Substances Removed by RO:
| Category | Examples |
|---|---|
| Ions | Sodium, Chloride, Calcium, Magnesium |
| Molecules | Pesticides, Herbicides, Chlorine, Sediments |
| Particles | Rust, Silt, Larger Microorganisms |
RO in Practical Applications:
- Home Water Filtration Systems: RO systems are commonly used in homes to provide clean drinking water.
- Industrial Water Treatment: Industries use RO for water purification for various processes.
- Desalination: RO is a primary method for converting seawater into fresh water.
In summary, RO fundamentally acts as a filter on a molecular scale, removing a variety of contaminants and leading to much purer water. It's a physical separation process that effectively removes ions, unwanted molecules, and larger particles from water, making it cleaner and safer.
